Definition of Mutual Funds

The definition of mutual funds is the pooling of investors cash to buy securities. The most common types of securities purchased are stocks, bonds, and cash instruments. Currently, there is over 26 trillion dollars of investors money in many types of funds.
Individual funds are not limited to just stocks, bonds, and cash. Many funds pool money together to invest in real estate, gold, and other investments. Before mutual funds came along, these sectors were really hard and not worth investing for an individual investor.
Mutual funds can be separated into two categories, open-end and close-end. Open-end funds allow investors to be in and out of funds at any time with no fees or sales load. A close-ended fund has either a fee and or a sales charge for buying and/or a fee or a sales charge for selling.
Even though the definition of an open ended fund allows you to go in and out of the investment with no sales charge, both types of funds still have other ways in which they make money. The most common fee is an expense ratio, which can be found in the fund's prospectus. Expense ratios can vary widely, so make sure you do your proper homework before investing.
Each mutual fund has a manager, which directs the investments. Typically, the manager of each fund will have a specific purpose for the investments. For example, one fund's purpose might be outpacing a benchmark index, like the S&P 500, using growth stocks. Another funds purpose might be to provide a steady income during retirement using dividends stocks and bonds. Today, there is a fund for just about every time frame and risk tolerance imaginable.
Mutual funds allow an individual investor an easy way to diversify. Imagine the struggle of investing in the top 500 securities in the U.S. by yourself. Not only will your trading fees by outrageous, but also the paperwork and taxes would be too much to handle for the individual investor. It would be a full time job!
The popularity of mutual funds has risen for good reason. They allow you to get a professional manager for your investments for a very low cost. Another advantage that mutual funds give to investors is the ability to invest in markets that were previously unavailable. For example, without mutual funds international investing would be very complex for an individual investor.
Mutual funds are here to stay. There simplicity has many advantages to the individual investor. If you're looking for more then just a definition mutual funds, read this Mutual Fund Guide. It will answer many questions that beginners have, including where and how to get started.
RJ Weiss is an aspiring Financial Planner. He currently maintains the website Our Financial Planner, a place where young investors can go to learn the fundamentals of mutual funds along with other aspects of personal finance.
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Mutual Funds - Good Choice For New Investors

If you have been thinking about starting an investment portfolio, but feel overwhelmed by the amount of information you would need to make good decisions, there's still hope for you. Mutual funds are a good way for a beginner with very little experience or limited funds to get started with investing in the stock market. Here are some of the advantages inherent in mutual funds.
One big advantage is that they can be a low cost way to manage risk, because there is at least minimal diversification present due to the variety of stocks included in the fund. However, you still may need to purchase shares in more than one fund to thoroughly diversify your investments. Some mutual funds only hold stocks in one industry (for instance, pharmaceuticals or energy). Even though the fund would allow you to diversify across that sector by owning shares in several different companies within it, you would not be truly diversified across the market. In that case, a good strategy might be to invest in another mutual fund that is expressly designed to diversify its holdings across several business sectors.
The reason for doing this, of course, is so that you don't lose all of your money if one sector takes a downward turn. For instance, look at recent occurrences in the residential real estate industry. The downturn in residential mortgage lending affected new home construction as well. So if you owned shares in a mutual fund that was heavily invested in the residential real estate sector, you would be hard hit by the downturn.
If you have limited funds for investing, mutual fund shares can usually be purchased in relatively small dollar amounts, and in even increments. That means you may be able to buy as little as $100 worth of shares. With stocks, you would have to buy in increments of whatever the market price is. That means if the shares were currently trading at $171 per share, you would have to buy them in $171 increments. So if you had $200 available to invest, you could only buy one share.
If you have limited knowledge of the stock market and little or no experience, mutual funds offer the advantage of being professionally managed. That means the manager researches each stock that comprises the fund, so that you don't have to. However, you still need to do your own research of the mutual fund. You also need to research the track record and experience of the fund manager. But that is substantially less research on your part than it would be if you had to research several dozens of stocks.
Author and entrepreneur Bernz Jayma P. is the owner of a financial blog dedicated to helping people expand their knowledge on personal finance. You may visit his blog at http://www.invesmint.com/
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